Worried that your teenager is visiting dangerous neighborhoods or hanging with the wrong crowd to obtain illegal drugs? The source of their drug use might be much closer than you think. With increased accessibility to and use of prescription drugs, including prescription pain relievers, stimulants, sedatives, and tranquilizers, you might only need look as far as your own medicine cabinet for your teens’ “pusher.” According to the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the use of prescription drugs without a doctor’s approval is the second most common type of illegal drug use.
“Pharming,” the slang term for obtaining pharmaceutical drugs for non-medical use from a home medicine cabinet, is a dangerous trend that is becoming a major source of illegal drugs for teens. Easy accessibility and extensive prescriptions of such drugs for legitimate reasons, coupled with low security and a lack of parental awareness, makes this source of drugs particularly tempting for teenagers who may be using drugs or experimenting with drug use. According to the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 9.2 percent of youth aged 12-17 had used a prescription psychotherapeutic drug for nonmedical reasons in the past year, and 4.0 percent were current users. Vicodin is one of the most commonly abused drugs among teens, but opioids such as OxyContin are increasingly being abused. Amphetamines such as Adderall, Concerta, or Ritalin, which are commonly prescribed for ADD, are easily obtained from school acquaintances or are legitimately prescribed, and then misused either in dosage or in intake (such as snorting or injection).
The ingestion of multiple prescription medications, as is common in pharming, is particularly dangerous. Teens may be unaware of the potencies of the drugs they are ingesting. They may be unaware of the potential for addiction. Teens may also be unaware, or unconcerned, with potentially severe drug interactions, which could cause serious health problems, hospitalizations, or worse. According to the Drug Abuse Warning Network, which monitors drug abuse from emergency departments (Eds) across the nation, benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium, Xanax, Klonopin, and Ativan) accounted for 100,784 ED visits categorized as drug abuse-related cases. Opioid pain relievers (e.g., oxycodone, hydrocodone, morphine, methadone, and combinations that include these drugs) accounted for more than 119,000 in 2002. Between 1994 and 2002, ED reports of hydrocodone and oxycodone overdoses increased by 170 percent and 450 percent, respectively.
Prescription drugs obtained illicitly are also commonly sold by teens to other teens. “Pharming parties” are events where teenagers swap pharmaceuticals that they have either stolen, or have been prescribed for legitimate reasons. Teenagers may be unaware that selling prescription drugs for money, or trading them with others for non-medical use is illegal and can result in serious criminal charges. Be sure to inform your teen of the dangers of non-medical drug use, and the potential for legal problems.
So what can you do to prevent prescription drug abuse in your child? According to
theantidrug.com parents should:
• Keep your prescription medications in a safe place where only you have access
• Take inventory in your own home. Just as you do for alcohol, make note of the amount in each bottle. Also know which medications are commonly abused, and dispose of any medications that you no longer need.
• Monitor the web sites that your child visits on the Internet. Some teens order medications via web sites that are not monitored by the FDA. Check your Internet history to make sure that your child isn’t ordering medications online.
• Know the signs of abuse. The symptoms are pretty obvious: slurred speech, staggering walk, sweating, nausea, vomiting, numbness of extremities, dilated pupils, drowsiness, dizziness. If your teen shows these signs of drug abuse, ask questions immediately -- then talk calmly with them about the risks of abuse.
Parents should share this information with their friends, relatives and the families of their children’s friends to reduce the availability of such drugs to their children. Knowledge and communication may be the most effective anti-drug for you and your family.
Labels: pharming